Breast cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the breast. It is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second most common cancer overall. October is recognized as Breast Cancer Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness and educate people about this disease. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of breast cancer.
What is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. These cells grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a lump or mass. If left untreated, the cancer cells can invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, bones, or lungs.
Causes
The exact cause of breast cancer is still unknown, but there are certain risk factors that may increase a person's chances of developing the disease. These include:
- Gender: Women are more likely to develop breast cancer than men.
- Age: The risk of breast cancer increases as a person gets older.
- Family history: Women with a family history of breast cancer, especially in first-degree relatives, have a higher risk.
- Genetics: Inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Hormones: Estrogen, a hormone that regulates the development of the female reproductive system, can stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells.
- Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Alcohol consumption: Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol can increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk of breast cancer.